
In the heart of Botswana’s Lobatse, a quiet industrial revolution is unfolding. Inside Delta Automotive Technologies’ sprawling factory, skilled hands weave intricate webs of wires and connectors — components destined for Volkswagen and Nissan vehicles across Africa.

This facility, powered by strategic financing and regional collaboration, embodies a transformative vision: Africa as a hub of automotive innovation, not just a market for second-hand imports. But to shift gears from potential to reality, the continent’s governments must accelerate policies that fuel local manufacturing, cross-border trade, and sustainable mobility.
The Road So Far
Africa’s automotive sector sits at a crossroads. In 2024, Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding South Africa) saw just 175 915 new vehicle sales, overshadowed by over a million used imports. Countries like Ghana, Nigeria, and Rwanda remain tethered to ageing fleets, often a decade old, which guzzle fuel, pollute cities and drain foreign exchange. Vehicle penetration lingers at three cars per 100 people — a stark contrast to the global average of 18. Yet, this gap signals untapped opportunity.
“We’re scratching the surface,” says Martina Biene, Chairperson of Volkswagen Group Africa. “But unlocking this potential demands policy alignment, investment in clean energy, and a continent-wide rethink of how we approach mobility.”
Policy as the Engine of Growth

At a recent Volkswagen-hosted event in Kigali, Victoria Backhaus-Jerling, CEO of the African Association of Automotive Manufacturers (AAAM), outlined the non-negotiables for progress. “Political will to implement automotive policies is paramount,” she asserted. “Without legal frameworks, Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) won’t invest.”
Her message resonates across boardrooms and government offices: Africa needs cohesive policies to attract giants like Toyota, Volkswagen, and Renault. South Africa, Morocco, and Tunisia have already demonstrated this. South Africa’s auto sector contributes 4,3% to GDP, supported by incentives like the Automotive Production and Development Programme.
Morocco, now Africa’s top car exporter, leveraged tax breaks and port upgrades to lure Renault and Stellantis. Algeria, too, is drafting an auto policy to position itself as a manufacturing contender.

AfCFTA: The Continental Catalyst
The African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) could be the game-changer. Its proposed Rules of Origin (RoO), requiring vehicles to contain 40% local content for tariff-free trade, might reshape supply chains. For Ghana, this could mean component manufacturing booms; for South Africa, expanded markets for its OEMs. Regional collaboration is already budding. Botswana’s Delta Automotive supplies wiring harnesses to South African plants, a synergy Backhaus-Jerling calls “a blueprint for cross-border industrialisation.”
Yet AfCFTA’s success hinges on execution. “It’s not just about agreements,” says Biene. “It’s about ports that clear goods swiftly, roads that connect factories, and grids that support electric vehicle (EV) charging.”
Botswana’s Delta
Delta Automotive Technologies exemplifies this potential. Founded with an $80-million African Development Bank (AfDB) credit line, the company now produces 120 wiring harnesses daily for Volkswagen’s Polo Vivo and Nissan’s H60 models. By 2027, it aims to triple output, employing 1 000 workers — 95% Batswana nationals.
“This isn’t just manufacturing; it’s opportunity,” says Delta’s Director of Manufacturing, Darryn Hattingh. The factory’s impact ripples beyond Lobatse: rural communities gain skilled jobs, women shatter industry stereotypes (75% of Delta’s workforce is female), and Botswana diversifies beyond diamonds.
Clara Kaekane, a Delta engineer, embodies this shift. “We’re challenging perceptions,” she says. “Every harness we build proves women belong in engineering and Africa belongs in global supply chains.”
The EV Opportunity
As the world pivots to electric mobility, Africa can’t afford to lag. Kenya’s electric motorbike boom and Morocco’s EV exports hint at a greener future. Ghana, with its renewable energy mix, is poised to lead in battery assembly and EV production. Initiatives like Volkswagen’s GenFarm — electric tractors deployed in Rwanda — show how local solutions can address global challenges.
But EVs require more than innovation. “Africa needs infrastructure—charging stations, reliable power, and skilled technicians,” notes Biene. Ghana’s planned technical institutes, focusing on EV tech, could become regional talent hubs.

The Used Car Conundrum
Grappling with used imports remains thorny. In Ghana, 70% of vehicles are second-hand, often evading emissions standards. Banning them risks public backlash, but gradual reforms — stricter age limits, low-interest loans for new cars — could tilt the balance. Kenya’s 2018 age limit (eight years for imports) offers a model, though enforcement is patchy.
Financing the Future
Development finance institutions like AfDB are critical. Their investment in Delta Automotive unlocked $23-million in exports and positioned Botswana as a component supplier. “This is how you industrialise Africa,” says AfDB’s Moono Mupotola. “Connect communities to global value chains.”
Yet private-sector partnerships are equally vital. Volkswagen’s collaboration with Ghana’s Universal Motors to assemble Tiguan SUVs shows how OEMs can seed local industries.
Africa’s automotive journey isn’t about catching up — it’s about redefining mobility on its own terms. From Algeria’s emerging factories to South Africa’s OEM hubs, the pieces are falling into place. But without political drive, even the best policies stall.
As Backhaus-Jerling puts it, “Africa has the market, the youth, and the resources. Now, we need the will to build an industry that doesn’t just assemble cars but engineers solutions for the world.”
In Lobatse, that future is already taking shape. With every wire harness Delta’s workers craft, they’re weaving a new narrative — one where Africa isn’t just open for business but is building the vehicles that will drive it forward.
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