Speed up AfCFTA and industrialise

Zimbabwe’s Finance, Economic Development, and Investment Promotion Minister, Professor Mthuli Ncube, has underscored the urgency of advancing industrialisation and expanding Special Economic Zones (SEZs) across Africa to accelerate the implementation of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA). Speaking at the 57th Session of the Conference of African Ministers of Finance, Planning, and Economic Development in Addis Ababa, Ncube positioned these measures as vital for unlocking the bloc’s economic potential.

Zimbabwe, which ratified the AfCFTA agreement in May 2019, is among the early adopters of the initiative designed to create a unified continental market. The pact, established in 2018, seeks to dismantle trade barriers, harmonise regulations and boost intra-African commerce, which currently lags behind other regions. With a population of 1,4-billion and a collective GDP exceeding $3,4-trillion, the AfCFTA could elevate intra-African trade by 45% by 2045 — if infrastructural and regulatory challenges are resolved.

During his address, Ncube outlined key priorities drawn from discussions with the Committee of Experts. Strengthening regional value chains in agriculture, manufacturing, and services was highlighted as a priority to reduce reliance on raw commodity exports.

“Enhancing trade infrastructure and addressing non-tariff barriers will be central to maximising value addition,” he said, pointing to the need for harmonised regulations and improved access to finance.

The outgoing conference chair echoed these sentiments, advocating for innovative financing mechanisms such as blended finance and thematic bonds to support businesses. Digital transformation was also flagged as a catalyst for growth. Ncube stressed that integrating e-commerce platforms, digital trade tools, and fintech solution into the AfCFTA framework could lower transaction costs and broaden market access.

Zimbabwe’s Automotive Sector Opportunity
Zimbabwe’s recent approval of provisional tariff concessions by the AfCFTA Secretariat positions it to begin preferential trading under the agreement. This milestone aligns with the nation’s ambitions to leverage its mineral wealth, particularly in lithium and steel, to participate in regional value chains.

A recent study by Afreximbank, the AfCFTA Secretariat, and the African Association of Automotive Manufacturers identified several Zimbabwean firms — including Chloride Zimbabwe and United Springs — as potential contributors to Africa’s automotive sector.

With global demand for electric vehicles rising, Zimbabwe’s lithium reserves, critical for battery production, could see it emerge as a hub for component manufacturing. Ncube noted that such opportunities align with broader efforts to diversify economies and reduce dependency on volatile commodity markets.

As South Africa assumes the G20 presidency, Ncube urged African leaders to seize the platform to advocate for reforms in global financial architecture. He called for inclusive frameworks to improve access to climate finance and support sustainable development goals.

“Green industrialisation must be prioritised,” he added, emphasising the potential for renewable energy investments and climate-resilient trade policies to position Africa as a leader in sustainable growth.

While progress on the AfCFTA advances, concerns linger over external trade pressures. In South Africa, automotive sector stakeholders convened at the National Union of Metalworkers’ Bargaining Conference to discuss the potential fallout from losing access to the US African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA). Toyota CEO Andrew Kirby warned that exclusion from AGOA could cost the company 7% of its manufacturing output, underscoring the fragility of export-dependent industries.

Lada Iskkra

Meanwhile, Russian automaker AvtoVAZ announced plans to expand into Nigeria, targeting West Africa’s largest economy with a spare parts hub in Lagos by 2025. The firm, known for its Lada vehicles, is also exploring partnerships to establish a compressed natural gas conversion plant, aligning with Nigeria’s push for alternative energy solutions. With annual vehicle demand in Nigeria estimated at 720 000 units — far outstripping local production of 14 000 — the move signals growing international interest in Africa’s underdeveloped automotive markets.

As the ministerial conference closed, Ncube urged delegates to translate dialogue into tangible policies. “Macro-economic stability, debt management, and domestic resource mobilisation are non-negotiable for building investor confidence,” he asserted, stressing the need for coordinated national and regional strategies.

The outgoing chair reinforced this call, noting, “This conference must drive concrete commitments—not just aspirations—to realise Africa’s economic transformation.” With Zimbabwe poised to commence AfCFTA trading and regional partnerships gaining momentum, the bloc’s ability to address structural hurdles will determine whether its ambitious vision translates into equitable prosperity.

As global automakers and African industries navigate shifting trade dynamics, the continent’s path to industrialisation remains a complex yet pivotal endeavour—one requiring collaboration, innovation, and an unwavering focus on sustainable growth.

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