First li-ion recycling plant opens in South Africa

The disposal of batteries from growing volumes of electric cars has become a global problem with limited facilities in place to recycle those units – but there is now an operational facility in Germiston, Gauteng able to handle not only car batteries but lithium-ion batteries from cell phones and other modern devices.

Cwenga Lib has opened the country’s first lithium-ion battery recycling facility – a milestone not just for South Africa, but for the entire Southern Hemisphere.

The Cwenga Lib process is innovative in its scale and resources. Where mega plants in Asia are constructed to cater to the mass markets abroad using harsh chemicals, huge energy requirements and highly hazardous working conditions, the Cwenga Lib process is unique.

It is efficient at room temperature, with reagents that are food safe and can be scaled to serve smaller communities or single manufacturers who want to locally recycle their own production.

“The processing facility we launched is an example of the modular type recycling stations we can deploy around South Africa and beyond,” says Cwenga’s Ed Hardwick. “They are run by 2-4 operators and produce metal oxides of various quality, depending on what the market in that area needs – back into battery production, pigment grades or even agricultural uses.”

Pottery made with glaze containing recovered cobalt from the first batch of recycled cell phone batteries was auctioned off at the event, with all proceeds going to COPESSA

“Battery waste is a wealth that is currently sitting in our landfill sites waiting for the urban mining movement. Cobalt, nickel, lithium and manganese are all imported into our country as finished products and then left to harm our environment with no responsibility given to the manufacture of those goods.

“It is working with those who can manage producer responsibility, vitalise communities and educate collectors that we can get that potential hazard out of our environment and back into our economy.”

Cwenga Technologies is the parent company to Cwenga Lib and Hardwick says: “We are fortunate our sales of purification products into the hydrometallurgy, water and food industries enable us to reinvest some of that capital into self-funded research on activated carbons and ion exchange resins.”

Battery recycling involves separating the materials inside spent batteries so they can be reused. The process typically begins with manual sorting of different battery types, followed by shredding the batteries into small pieces. Specialised techniques, such as magnets or chemical treatments, are then used to extract the various metals.

Some of these recovered materials, including lithium and cobalt, are crucial for making new batteries, while others, like manganese and zinc, may be repurposed for agriculture as fertiliser.

Until now, South Africa’s battery recycling efforts have focused on lead-acid car batteries. For lithium-ion batteries, recycling has been limited, requiring expensive exports to facilities in Europe or China. This led to many batteries ending up in landfills.

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